Bolt yowonjezera ndi cholumikizira chapadera cha ulusi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza chitoliro chothandizira / kukweza / bulaketi kapena zida pakhoma, pansi kapena mzati.The makalasi a carbon zitsulo mabawuti anawagawa 3.6,4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9 ndi makalasi oposa 10. Manambala pamaso ndi pambuyo decimal mfundo motero amasonyeza mwadzina kumakoka mphamvu ndi chiŵerengero cha zokolola. za zinthu bawuti Mwachitsanzo: kulemba 8.8 mabawuti zikusonyeza kuti kumakoka mphamvu zakuthupi kufika 800MPa, ndi zokolola mphamvu ndi 0,8, ndiko kuti, zokolola mphamvu zake kufika 800 × 0,8 = 640MPa.
Zida:
Magiredi a mabawuti okulitsa amagawidwa kukhala 45, 50, 60, 70 ndi 80. Zinthuzo zimagawidwa makamaka mu austenite A1, A2, A4; Martensite ndi ferrite C1, C2, C4; Kuyimira kwake, mwachitsanzo A2-70;”- ” isanayambe ndi itatha imasonyeza zinthu za bawuti ndi mphamvu zake motsatana.(1) Bolt zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri: Q215, Q235, 25 ndi 45 zitsulo, pazinthu zofunika kapena zapadera zolumikizira zida, zitha kusankha 15Cr, 20Cr, 40Cr, 15MnVB, 30CrMrSi ndi zinthu zina zapamwamba zamakina azitsulo za alloy. zakuthupi ndi structural kukula kwa ulusi kugwirizana.
mtundu:
Kalasi ya zosapanga dzimbiri mabawuti ogaŵikana 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, nkhani makamaka anawagawa mu austenite A1, A2, A4, martensite ndi ferrite C1, C2, C4, mawu ake njira monga A2-70, "imodzi" isanayambike ndi pambuyo motsatana motsatana kusonyeza bawuti chuma ndi mphamvu giredi.
kupanga: Bawuti yokulirapo imakhala ndi bawuti ya countersunk, chubu chokulirapo, chochapira chathyathyathya, chochapira masika, ndi mtedza wa hex.
Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikofunikira kubowola dzenje la kukula kofananira pa thupi lokhazikika ndi kubowola (nyundo), ndiyeno kuyika bawuti ndi chubu chokulira mu dzenje, ndikumangitsa nati kuti apange bawuti, chubu chokulitsa. , gawo loyikirapo ndi thupi lokhazikika limakulitsa mwamphamvu kukhala limodzi. Pambuyo polimbitsa, mchira wa bawuti uli ndi mutu waukulu, bawuti kunja kwake kumakhala kokulirapo kuposa m'mimba mwake wa chitoliro chozungulira, mbali ya mchira imakhala ndi mipata ingapo, pomwe bawuti imamizidwa, mchira wa mutu waukulu udzatengedwera ku kutsegula kwa chitoliro mkati, chitoliro chachikulu, kukwaniritsa cholinga chokulitsa, ndiyeno bawutiyo imayikidwa pansi kapena khoma, kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha rooting. .
Mabawuti okulitsa a kalasi ya 4.6, kutanthauza: 1, mphamvu yokhazikika ya bawuti yowonjezera imafika pamlingo wa 400MPa; 2.Chiŵerengero cha flexion cha bawuti yowonjezera ndi 0.6; 3, mphamvu yotulutsa mwadzina ya bawuti yowonjezera ndi 400 × 0.6 = 240MPaTanthauzo la mlingo wa ntchito ya bawuti yowonjezera ndi muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi, mulingo wofanana wa bawuti wokulirapo. , mosasamala kanthu za kusiyana kwa zinthu ndi chiyambi, ntchito yake ndi yofanana, mapangidwe amatha kusankha mlingo wa ntchito.
Mfundo zofunika kuziganizira:
1, kukhomerera kuya: kuya kwa kapangidwe kake ndikwabwino kuposa kutalika kwa chubu chokulitsa pafupifupi 5 mm.Malingana ngati ndi yaikulu kuposa kapena yofanana ndi kutalika kwa chubu chokulitsa, kutalika kwa bolt yowonjezera mkati yotsalira pansi ndi yofanana kapena yocheperapo kuposa kutalika kwa chubu chowonjezera.2, zofunikira za bolt yowonjezera mkati. pansi, ndithudi, zovuta kwambiri bwino, zimadaliranso mphamvu ya chinthu chomwe muyenera kukonza.Mphamvu yamphamvu yomwe imayikidwa mu konkire (C13-15) ndi kasanu kuti mu thupi la njerwa.3.Pambuyo pokhazikitsa bwino bawuti yakukulitsa ya M6/8/10/12 mu konkire, mphamvu yake yabwino kwambiri yokhazikika ndi 120/170/320/510 kg motsatana.Njira yokhazikitsira bawuti yowonjezera mkati sizovuta kwambiri, ntchito yeniyeni ndi iyi;Choyamba sankhani pobowola aloyi ndi m'mimba mwake mofanana ndi mphete yowonjezera (chubu) ya wononga zowonjezera, yikani pa kubowola kwamagetsi ndikuyendetsa khoma, kuya kwa dzenje kuli kofanana ndi kutalika kwa bawuti. , ndiyeno ikani zida zokulirapo pansi pa dzenje, kumbukirani;Musati wononga wononga wononga, kuteteza dzenje pobowola ndi zakuya pamene bawuti anagwera mu dzenje ndi si bwino kutenga.Kenako kolonani zomangira 2-3 bolt mutamva kuti bawuti yokulira yamkati ndiyolimba koma yosasunthika ndiyeno wononga screw.
